The device we used to implement electrochemical reactions is an electrochemical system. It consists of three core components, one ion conducting electrolyte sandwiched by two electron conducting electrodes.
We can draw energy from an electrochemical system by connecting it to an external load, if electrons have different energy levels between the two electrodes. Redox reaction happens at the interface between electrode and electrolyte to continuously supply electrons to external circuit. In this process, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. One such example is a battery during discharge.
We can also store energy into chemical bond, by injecting electrons into an electrochemical system and manipulate the redox reaction at the interface. One such example is an electrolyzer.
Because of these unique properties, an electrochemical system provides a convenient platform to manipulate matter in a precise manner. Therefore, electrochemical systems find applications in many different fields, for example, energy storage and conversion, separation, synthesis, disease diagnosis etc.
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